How take-home salary is calculated
- Gross salary is basic + DA, HRA, special and other allowances.
- Employee PF is 12% of basic + DA. Many employers cap it at 12% of ₹15,000 (₹1,800 a month).
- Professional tax is a state tax, usually up to ₹200 a month (₹2,500 a year at most). Delhi, Haryana, Uttar Pradesh and several other states do not levy it.
- Income tax is estimated for the full year (including bonus) and spread evenly over 12 months, which is how employers calculate TDS.
HRA exemption (old regime)
If you pay rent and choose the old regime, the exempt part of HRA is the lowest of:
The new regime does not allow HRA exemption, so the full HRA is taxable there.
Example
With basic ₹40,000, HRA ₹20,000 and special allowance ₹25,000 a month (₹10.2 lakh a year), PF of ₹4,800 and PT of ₹200, the new regime leaves taxable income of ₹9.45 lakh. That is below the ₹12 lakh rebate limit, so there is no tax and your take-home is about ₹80,000 a month.
Frequently asked questions
Why is my actual in-hand salary different?
Employers may also deduct insurance premiums, meal-card amounts, loan recoveries or voluntary PF. They also recalculate TDS during the year as you submit investment proofs, so monthly TDS can vary.
Is employer PF part of my take-home?
No. Employer PF goes to your PF account and is usually shown only in your CTC. To start from CTC, use the CTC to In-Hand Calculator.
Which tax regime should I pick at work?
Compare both with the Income Tax Calculator. If your HRA exemption, 80C, 80D and home loan interest together are large, the old regime may save more. Otherwise the new regime is usually better.
Results are estimates for information only and are not financial, tax or investment advice. Rates and rules change, so confirm figures with your bank, employer or a qualified professional before making decisions.